Leviticus 25:35-55 NKJV
35 ‘If one of your brethren becomes poor, and falls into poverty among you, then you shall help him, like a stranger or a sojourner, that he may live with you. 36 Take no usury or interest from him; but fear your God, that your brother may live with you. 37 You shall not lend him your money for usury, nor lend him your food at a profit. 38 I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, to give you the land of Canaan and to be your God.
39 ‘And if one of your brethren who dwells by you becomes poor, and sells himself to you, you shall not compel him to serve as a slave. 40 As a hired servant and a sojourner he shall be with you, and shall serve you until the Year of Jubilee. 41 And then he shall depart from you—he and his children with him—and shall return to his own family. He shall return to the possession of his fathers. 42 For they are My servants, whom I brought out of the land of Egypt; they shall not be sold as slaves. 43 You shall not rule over him with rigor, but you shall fear your God. 44 And as for your male and female slaves whom you may have—from the nations that are around you, from them you may buy male and female slaves. 45 Moreover you may buy the children of the strangers who dwell among you, and their families who are with you, which they beget in your land; and they shall become your property. 46 And you may take them as an inheritance for your children after you, to inherit them as a possession; they shall be your permanent slaves. But regarding your brethren, the children of Israel, you shall not rule over one another with rigor.
47 ‘Now if a sojourner or stranger close to you becomes rich, and one of your brethren who dwells by him becomes poor, and sells himself to the stranger or sojourner close to you, or to a member of the stranger’s family, 48 after he is sold he may be redeemed again. One of his brothers may redeem him; 49 or his uncle or his uncle’s son may redeem him; or anyone who is near of kin to him in his family may redeem him; or if he is able he may redeem himself. 50 Thus he shall reckon with him who bought him: The price of his release shall be according to the number of years, from the year that he was sold to him until the Year of Jubilee; it shall be according to the time of a hired servant for him. 51 If there are still many years remaining, according to them he shall repay the price of his redemption from the money with which he was bought. 52 And if there remain but a few years until the Year of Jubilee, then he shall reckon with him, and according to his years he shall repay him the price of his redemption. 53 He shall be with him as a yearly hired servant, and he shall not rule with rigor over him in your sight. 54 And if he is not redeemed in these years, then he shall be released in the Year of Jubilee—he and his children with him. 55 For the children of Israel are servants to Me; they are My servants whom I brought out of the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God.
This section of Leviticus 25 begins with the case of Israelites who worked off a debt to pay their fellow Israelites. The creditor was not allowed to take advantage of the impoverished person in his vulnerable state to rob him of his livelihood and push him even deeper into debt. These obligations to an impoverished family were motivated by the fear of God and Israel’s experience of Him as their emancipator and land-giver.
The remaining verses deal with the status and treatment of Israelites who sold themselves to pay off a debt. The Israelites were not allowed to treat such people as their slaves. Instead, they employed them as hired laborers who lived with them on their land and used their wages to pay off their debt. Even if they had not yet paid off their full debt, they and their children were released from service at the Jubilee, so that they could return to their kin group free from debt and reclaim their holding from its buyer or its redeemer.
They were to be released then because they were God’s royal servants, His slaves, and He had released them from slavery in the land of Egypt. They belonged to God; therefore, they could not be sold as slaves. Their Israelite employers were therefore to fear God and take care not to trample on them “harshly” as the Israelites had been trampled on in Egypt (See Exodus 1:13-14)
By his substitutionary sacrifice, Christ paid off our debt to God and proclaimed our “release” from oppression by Satan. All those who, by faith, trust in Jesus are beneficiaries of God’s grace, His royal amnesty to His rebellious subjects. Just as the Jubilee issued from the Day of Atonement in ancient Israel, so their release from all sin and all the powers of darkness is the result of Christ’s sacrificial death
Let us pray: Lord Jesus, thank You for atoning for our sins in Your suffering and death on the cross. Strengthen our faith through Your Word and Sacraments until You call us Home to be with You forever. Amen.